Free H12-893_V1.0 Questions for Huawei H12-893_V1.0 Exam [Dec-2025]
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NEW QUESTION # 25
Which of the following statements is false about centralized gateway deployment using BGP EVPN?
- A. When BGP EVPN is used to dynamically establish a VXLAN tunnel, the local and remote VTEPs first establish a BGP EVPN peer relationship and then exchange BGP EVPN routes to transmit VNI and VTEP IP address information. A VXLAN tunnel is then dynamically established between them.
- B. When configuring a VTEP, you need to create an EVPN Instance in the Layer 2 BD and configure an RD for the local EVPN instance. You do not need to configure an RT.
- C. A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEP IP addresses and can be established if the local and remote VTEP IP addresses are reachable to each other at Layer 3.
- D. When configuring a VTEP, you need to create a Layer 2 BD and bind a VNI to the Layer 2 BD.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Centralized gateway deployment using BGP EVPN in Huawei's data center networks (e.g., CloudFabric) involves a gateway handling Layer 3 routing for VXLAN overlays. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . When configuring a VTEP, you need to create a Layer 2 BD and bind a VNI to the Layer 2 BD: A Bridge Domain (BD) is a Layer 2 broadcast domain in VXLAN, and a Virtual Network Identifier (VNI) is bound to it to segment traffic. This is a standard step when configuring a VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint (VTEP) to map the overlay network. TRUE.
B . A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEP IP addresses and can be established if the local and remote VTEP IP addresses are reachable to each other at Layer 3: VXLAN tunnels are established between VTEPs using their IP addresses as endpoints. Layer 3 reachability (e.g., via underlay routing) is required for tunnel establishment. TRUE.
C . When BGP EVPN is used to dynamically establish a VXLAN tunnel, the local and remote VTEPs first establish a BGP EVPN peer relationship and then exchange BGP EVPN routes to transmit VNI and VTEP IP address information. A VXLAN tunnel is then dynamically established between them: In BGP EVPN, VTEPs establish a BGP peer relationship, exchange routes (e.g., Type 2 for MAC/IP or Type 3 for multicast), and share VNI and VTEP IP details, enabling dynamic tunnel setup. TRUE.
D . When configuring a VTEP, you need to create an EVPN Instance in the Layer 2 BD and configure an RD for the local EVPN instance. You do not need to configure an RT: An EVPN Instance (EVI) is created within a BD, and a Route Distinguisher (RD) is configured to make routes unique. However, Route Targets (RTs) are also required to control route import/export between EVPN peers, ensuring proper VNI and route distribution. Stating that RT configuration is not needed is incorrect, as RTs are essential for BGP EVPN operation. FALSE.
Thus, D is the false statement because RT configuration is necessary in centralized gateway deployment with BGP EVPN.
NEW QUESTION # 26
Which of the following statements is false about M-LAG deployment?
- A. Multi-level M-LAG is mainly used to construct a large Layer 2 network in a DCN or directly connect DCNs at Layer 2.
- B. M-LAG networking can be classified into single-level M-LAG networking and multi-level M-LAG networking.
- C. Multi-level M-LAG must be configured based on V-STP.
- D. In multi-level M-LAG networking, you can manually configure the root bridge to prevent STP loops.
Answer: C
Explanation:
M-LAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) on Huawei CE series switches enhances high availability and load balancing by making two switches appear as one. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . Multi-level M-LAG is mainly used to construct a large Layer 2 network in a DCN or directly connect DCNs at Layer 2: This is true. Multi-level M-LAG extends the topology across multiple layers or data centers, facilitating large Layer 2 domains, a common use case in Huawei DCNs. TRUE.
B . In multi-level M-LAG networking, you can manually configure the root bridge to prevent STP loops: This is true. Manual configuration of the root bridge (e.g., using STP priority) is supported to optimize path selection and prevent loops, especially in complex M-LAG setups. TRUE.
C . Multi-level M-LAG must be configured based on V-STP: This is false. While V-STP can be used to prevent loops, M-LAG does not require V-STP specifically. Standard STP, RSTP, or MSTP can also be configured, depending on the network design. The requirement is loop prevention, not a mandatory V-STP dependency. FALSE.
D . M-LAG networking can be classified into single-level M-LAG networking and multi-level M-LAG networking: This is true. Single-level M-LAG connects two switches directly to devices, while multi-level M-LAG extends across additional layers or devices, a recognized classification in Huawei documentation. TRUE.
Thus, C is the false statement because multi-level M-LAG does not mandate V-STP configuration.
NEW QUESTION # 27
Which of the following is not included in the physical architecture of a server?
- A. Application
- B. OS
- C. VMmonitor
- D. Hardware
Answer: A
Explanation:
The physical architecture of a server refers to the tangible and low-level components that constitute the server itself, distinct from logical or software layers. Let's evaluate each option:
A . Application: Applications are software running on top of an operating system or virtual machine, not part of the server's physical architecture. They belong to the logical or user layer, not the physical structure. Not Included.
B . VMmonitor (Hypervisor): Assuming "VMmonitor" refers to a hypervisor (e.g., KVM or Xen), it's a software layer, but in Type-1 hypervisor scenarios, it runs directly on hardware, managing VMs. In Huawei's context, it's considered part of the server's operational architecture when deployed physically. Included.
C . OS (Operating System): The OS (e.g., Linux, Windows) runs directly on server hardware or within a VM. In bare-metal servers, it's a core component of the physical deployment. Included.
D . Hardware: Hardware (e.g., CPU, RAM, NICs, disks) is the foundational physical architecture of a server, providing the physical resources for all operations. Included.
Thus, A (Application) is not part of the physical architecture, as it's a higher-level software entity, not a physical component.
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which of the following is not an advantage of link aggregation on CE series switches?
- A. Load balancing supported
- B. Increased bandwidth
- C. Improved forwarding performance of switches
- D. Improved reliability
Answer: C
Explanation:
Link aggregation, often implemented using Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) on Huawei CloudEngine (CE) series switches, combines multiple physical links into a single logical link to enhance network performance and resilience. The primary advantages include:
Load Balancing Supported (B): Link aggregation distributes traffic across multiple links based on hashing algorithms (e.g., source/destination IP or MAC), improving load distribution and preventing any single link from becoming a bottleneck.
Increased Bandwidth (C): By aggregating multiple links (e.g., 1 Gbps ports into a 4 Gbps logical link), the total available bandwidth increases proportionally to the number of links.
Improved Reliability (D): If one link fails, traffic is automatically redistributed to the remaining links, ensuring continuous connectivity and high availability.
However, Improved Forwarding Performance of Switches (A) is not a direct advantage. Forwarding performance relates to the switch's internal packet processing capabilities (e.g., ASIC performance, forwarding table size), which link aggregation does not inherently enhance. While it optimizes link utilization, it doesn't improve the switch's intrinsic forwarding rate or reduce latency at the hardware level. This aligns with Huawei's CE series switch documentation, where link aggregation is described as enhancing bandwidth and reliability, not the switch's core forwarding engine.
NEW QUESTION # 29
A vNIC can transmit data only in bit stream mode.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: B
Explanation:
A vNIC (virtual Network Interface Card) is a software-emulated network interface used by virtual machines to communicate over a virtual or physical network. The statement's reference to "bit stream mode" is ambiguous but likely implies raw, low-level bit transmission without higher-layer processing.
vNIC Functionality: A vNIC operates at a higher abstraction level than physical NICs. It interfaces with the hypervisor's virtual switch (e.g., Open vSwitch in Huawei environments) and handles data in frames or packets (e.g., Ethernet frames), not just raw bit streams. The hypervisor or host NIC handles the physical bit stream transmission.
Data Transmission: vNICs support various modes depending on configuration (e.g., VirtIO, SR-IOV passthrough), transmitting structured data (frames/packets) rather than solely raw bits. Bit stream transmission is a physical-layer task, not the vNIC's sole mode.
Thus, the statement is FALSE (B) because a vNIC does not transmit data only in bit stream mode; it handles higher-level data structures, with bit-level transmission managed by underlying hardware.
NEW QUESTION # 30
Which of the following are the application scenarios of Huawei CloudFabric Solution? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Container network
- B. Cloud-network integration
- C. Computing
- D. OpenFlow network
- E. Hosting
Answer: A,B,E
NEW QUESTION # 31
"1-3-5" troubleshooting of the CloudFabric intelligent O&M solution can detect, locate, and rectify faults from multiple dimensions. Which of the following are not dimensions supported by this function? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Application
- B. Protocol
- C. Configuration
- D. Device
- E. Service
Answer: A
Explanation:
Huawei's CloudFabric intelligent O&M solution, leveraging iMaster NCE-Fabric and FabricInsight, uses the "1-3-5" principle (detect within 1 minute, locate within 3 minutes, rectify within 5 minutes) to handle faults. This approach analyzes faults across multiple dimensions. Let's evaluate each option:
A . Device: This is supported. The solution monitors device-level metrics (e.g., CPU, memory) to detect and locate faults. SUPPORTED.
B . Protocol: This is supported. Protocol issues (e.g., OSPF conflicts, BGP errors) are analyzed for fault detection and resolution. SUPPORTED.
C . Service: This is supported. Service-level faults (e.g., tenant connectivity, VPC issues) are tracked and addressed. SUPPORTED.
D . Application: This is not supported. The "1-3-5" troubleshooting focuses on network infrastructure (devices, protocols, services, configurations), not application-layer issues, which are outside its scope. NOT SUPPORTED.
E . Configuration: This is supported. Configuration errors (e.g., mismatched VNIs) are detected and rectified as part of the process. SUPPORTED.
Thus, D (Application) is not a dimension supported by the "1-3-5" troubleshooting function.
NEW QUESTION # 32
When an SDN controller cluster is deployed in Huawei CloudFabric Solution, which of the following network planes are divided based on carried services? (Select All that Apply)
- A. BGP microservice plane
- B. Southbound service plane
- C. Northbound management plane
- D. Internal communication plane
Answer: B,C,D
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, the iMaster NCE-Fabric SDN controller cluster separates network planes based on carried services to ensure scalability and security. Let's evaluate each option:
A . BGP microservice plane: This is not a standard plane in Huawei's SDN architecture. BGP is used in the underlay/overlay but not defined as a separate microservice plane for the controller. FALSE.
B . Southbound service plane: This is true. The southbound plane carries configuration and control data to network devices (e.g., via NETCONF, BGP-EVPN), a critical service plane in SDN. TRUE.
C . Northbound management plane: This is true. The northbound plane provides APIs for management applications and orchestration (e.g., OpenStack integration), handling service requests. TRUE.
D . Internal communication plane: This is true. This plane facilitates communication between controller cluster nodes for synchronization and high availability. TRUE.
Thus, B (Southbound service plane), C (Northbound management plane), and D (Internal communication plane) are the network planes divided based on carried services.
NEW QUESTION # 33
Which of the following servers are built into iMaster NCE-Fabric to provide related services? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Version file server
- B. DHCP server
- C. RADIUS authentication server
- D. DNS server
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Huawei's iMaster NCE-Fabric is an SDN controller for the CloudFabric Solution, providing network orchestration and management. It includes built-in servers to support its operations. Let's evaluate each option:
A . DNS server: This is false. iMaster NCE-Fabric does not include a built-in DNS server; it relies on external DNS services for name resolution, configured during deployment. FALSE.
B . RADIUS authentication server: This is false. RADIUS authentication is typically handled by external AAA servers; iMaster NCE-Fabric integrates with them but does not embed a RADIUS server. FALSE.
C . DHCP server: This is true. iMaster NCE-Fabric includes a built-in DHCP server to assign temporary IP addresses during Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP) or initial device configuration. TRUE.
D . Version file server: This is true. A version file server is built into iMaster NCE-Fabric to store and deliver software images or configuration files for device upgrades and management. TRUE.
Thus, C (DHCP server) and D (Version file server) are built into iMaster NCE-Fabric.
NEW QUESTION # 34
Which of the following issues can be identified by the health function of iMaster NCE-FabricInsight? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Routing loop on the network
- B. Switch CPU usage threshold exceeded
- C. OSPF router ID conflict
- D. Switch ARP entry threshold exceeded
Answer: A,B,C,D
Explanation:
iMaster NCE-FabricInsight is Huawei's network assurance and analytics tool, integrated with CloudFabric, that uses telemetry to monitor network health. The health function identifies various issues. Let's evaluate each option:
A . Switch ARP entry threshold exceeded: This is true. FabricInsight monitors ARP table usage and can detect when the threshold is exceeded, indicating potential resource issues. TRUE.
B . OSPF router ID conflict: This is true. FabricInsight can detect OSPF router ID conflicts, which cause routing instability, through health checks on control plane data. TRUE.
C . Switch CPU usage threshold exceeded: This is true. FabricInsight tracks device performance metrics, including CPU usage, and flags thresholds to prevent performance degradation. TRUE.
D . Routing loop on the network: This is true. FabricInsight analyzes traffic patterns and routing tables to identify loops, leveraging telemetry data for network-wide health assessment. TRUE.
All options A, B, C, and D can be identified by the health function of iMaster NCE-FabricInsight.
NEW QUESTION # 35
Which of the following statements is false about VXLAN tunnel establishment?
- A. After a tunnel is established, if one end of the tunnel goes Down, the other end may not go Down.
- B. For a static tunnel, you need to manually configure the local and remote VNIs.
- C. A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEPs.
- D. Dynamic tunnels depend on EVPN Type 5 routes to transmit information.
Answer: D
Explanation:
VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) tunnels are used to encapsulate Layer 2 traffic over a Layer 3 network, a key component in Huawei's CloudFabric data center solutions. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEPs: This is true. A VXLAN tunnel is identified by the pair of VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint (VTEP) IP addresses (local and remote), along with the VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier). This ensures unique tunnel identification. TRUE.
B . After a tunnel is established, if one end of the tunnel goes Down, the other end may not go Down: This is true. VXLAN tunnels are unidirectional, and the status of one end does not automatically affect the other unless the underlay network connectivity (e.g., Layer 3 reachability) is lost. The remote VTEP may remain operational if it can still encapsulate/decapsulate traffic. TRUE.
C . For a static tunnel, you need to manually configure the local and remote VNIs: This is true. In a static VXLAN tunnel, administrators must manually configure the VNI and VTEP IP addresses on both ends, as there is no dynamic control plane (e.g., BGP EVPN) to automate the process. TRUE.
D . Dynamic tunnels depend on EVPN Type 5 routes to transmit information: This is false. Dynamic VXLAN tunnels rely on BGP EVPN as the control plane, but Type 5 routes (IP Prefix routes) are specifically used for advertising host IP routes and external network routes, not for general tunnel establishment. Dynamic tunnel setup primarily uses Type 2 (MAC/IP Advertisement) and Type 3 (Multicast) routes to exchange VNI and VTEP information. Type 5 routes are relevant for Layer 3 routing, not the initial tunnel setup. FALSE.
Thus, D is the false statement because dynamic tunnels depend on EVPN Type 2 and Type 3 routes, not Type 5, for initial establishment.
NEW QUESTION # 36
An enterprise builds a DC and deploys iMaster NCE-Fabric to automatically deliver network configurations. After the engineer manually deploys the underlay network and delivers overlay network configurations through iMaster NCE-Fabric, it is found that tenant hosts cannot access external networks. Which of the following is not a possible cause of this fault?
- A. No firewall security policy is configured when host traffic passes through the firewall.
- B. The engineer did not check whether the service loopback interface needs to be configured on the VXLAN network based on the switch model.
- C. No return route is configured on the PE.
- D. The MAC address of the NVE interface on the VXLAN network is not manually specified.
Answer: D
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, iMaster NCE-Fabric automates overlay network (e.g., VXLAN) configuration, while the underlay network is manually deployed. Tenant hosts failing to access external networks indicate a connectivity issue, likely at the overlay-underlay boundary or security layer. Let's evaluate each option as a possible cause:
A . No return route is configured on the PE: This is a possible cause. The Provider Edge (PE) device (e.g., border leaf or router) must have a return route to the tenant's VXLAN network for external access. Without it, traffic from external networks cannot reach the DC. POSSIBLE CAUSE.
B . The engineer did not check whether the service loopback interface needs to be configured on the VXLAN network based on the switch model: This is a possible cause. Some Huawei switch models (e.g., CE series) require a service loopback interface as the VTEP source IP. If omitted or misconfigured based on the model, external connectivity fails. POSSIBLE CAUSE.
C . No firewall security policy is configured when host traffic passes through the firewall: This is a possible cause. If a firewall is in the path (e.g., between tenant VPC and external network), a missing security policy (e.g., allowing outbound traffic) blocks access. POSSIBLE CAUSE.
D . The MAC address of the NVE interface on the VXLAN network is not manually specified: This is not a possible cause. The Network Virtualization Edge (NVE) interface in VXLAN does not require a manually specified MAC address; it uses the switch's system MAC or auto-generates one. iMaster NCE-Fabric typically handles this automatically, and manual specification is neither required nor a common fault point for external access issues. NOT A POSSIBLE CAUSE.
Thus, D is not a possible cause of the fault.
NEW QUESTION # 37
iMaster NCE-Fabric is Huawei's DC controller. Tenants can use it to create VPCs and deploy logical networks as required. After logical NEs are deployed, the corresponding network configurations are delivered to underlying network devices. Which of the following statements is false about the delivered network configurations?
- A. A logical port is equivalent to an independent physical port that is used by a host to connect to a VXLAN network. It corresponds to the Layer 2 sub-interface configuration on a physical device.
- B. An end port represents an online host. It corresponds to the traffic encapsulation type (whether a VLAN tag is carried) configured on a Layer 2 sub-interface of a physical device.
- C. Logical switches are mainly used for Layer 2 communication between hosts on a VXLAN network. These switches correspond to BD and Layer 2 VNI configurations on physical devices.
- D. Logical switches are mainly used for Layer 3 communication between hosts on a VXLAN network. These switches correspond to Layer 3 gateway configurations such as VBDIF interface and VPN instance configurations on physical devices.
Answer: D
Explanation:
iMaster NCE-Fabric automates network configuration delivery in Huawei's CloudFabric. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . Logical switches are mainly used for Layer 3 communication between hosts on a VXLAN network. These switches correspond to Layer 3 gateway configurations such as VBDIF interface and VPN instance configurations on physical devices: This is false. Logical switches in iMaster NCE-Fabric primarily handle Layer 2 communication (e.g., bridging within a VNI), corresponding to Bridge Domains (BDs) and Layer 2 VNIs. Layer 3 communication is managed by gateways, not logical switches. FALSE.
B . An end port represents an online host. It corresponds to the traffic encapsulation type (whether a VLAN tag is carried) configured on a Layer 2 sub-interface of a physical device: This is true. End ports map to host connections, with encapsulation (VLAN-tagged or untagged) configured on sub-interfaces. TRUE.
C . A logical port is equivalent to an independent physical port that is used by a host to connect to a VXLAN network. It corresponds to the Layer 2 sub-interface configuration on a physical device: This is true. Logical ports represent host connections, mapped to Layer 2 sub-interfaces for VXLAN access. TRUE.
D . Logical switches are mainly used for Layer 2 communication between hosts on a VXLAN network. These switches correspond to BD and Layer 2 VNI configurations on physical devices: This is true. Logical switches facilitate Layer 2 connectivity, aligning with BD and VNI settings. TRUE.
Thus, A is the false statement because logical switches are for Layer 2, not Layer 3, communication.
NEW QUESTION # 38
After an M-LAG works properly, the two member devices synchronize information with each other in real time. Which of the following pieces of information are synchronized between devices? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Device name
- B. ACL information
- C. LACP information
- D. STP status
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
In Huawei's M-LAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) on CE series switches, the two member devices synchronize critical information over the peer-link to ensure seamless operation and failover. Let's evaluate each option:
A . ACL information: Access Control List (ACL) configurations are typically not synchronized in M-LAG, as they are device-specific security policies. Synchronization of ACLs is not a standard feature in Huawei's M-LAG implementation. NOT SYNCHRONIZED.
B . STP status: Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) status (e.g., port roles, states) is synchronized to maintain a consistent loop-free topology across M-LAG peers, especially when V-STP or other STP variants are used. SYNCHRONIZED.
C . Device name: Device names are administrative identifiers and are not synchronized, as they do not impact traffic forwarding or M-LAG functionality. NOT SYNCHRONIZED.
D . LACP information: Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) status (e.g., link states, aggregation details) is synchronized to ensure both M-LAG devices present a unified LAG to downstream devices, supporting load balancing and failover. SYNCHRONIZED.
Thus, B (STP status) and D (LACP information) are synchronized between M-LAG devices.
NEW QUESTION # 39
In the computing scenario of Huawei CloudFabric Solution, which of the following services are optional for controller interconnection? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Interconnection with the authentication server
- B. Interconnection with the VMM
- C. Interconnection with FabricInsight
- D. Interconnection with eSight
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, the iMaster NCE-Fabric controller manages the network in computing scenarios (e.g., virtualized environments). Controller interconnection with external systems can be mandatory or optional depending on functionality. Let's evaluate each option:
A . Interconnection with FabricInsight: This is optional. FabricInsight is an analytics and assurance tool that enhances visibility and troubleshooting but is not required for basic controller operations in the computing scenario. OPTIONAL.
B . Interconnection with the authentication server: This is mandatory. Authentication servers (e.g., RADIUS, TACACS+) are essential for securing access to the controller and managed devices, a core requirement in computing scenarios. NOT OPTIONAL.
C . Interconnection with eSight: This is optional. eSight is a network management platform that provides additional monitoring and management capabilities, but it is not necessary for core controller functionality. OPTIONAL.
D . Interconnection with the VMM (Virtual Machine Manager): This is mandatory. Interconnection with a VMM (e.g., FusionCompute, OpenStack) is required to manage virtualized computing resources and orchestrate network services in the computing scenario. NOT OPTIONAL.
Thus, A (Interconnection with FabricInsight) and C (Interconnection with eSight) are optional services for controller interconnection.
NEW QUESTION # 40
In the spine-leaf DCN architecture, the border leaf node and service leaf node can be deployed on the same device.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: A
Explanation:
In Huawei's spine-leaf data center network (DCN) architecture, the topology consists of spine nodes (core) and leaf nodes (access/aggregation). Leaf nodes can serve different roles:
Border Leaf Node: Connects the DCN to external networks or other domains, handling Layer 3 routing.
Service Leaf Node: Connects to internal services (e.g., servers, VMs), often handling Layer 2/Layer 3 traffic.
In practice, a single physical device can be configured to perform both roles (border and service) if it has the necessary interfaces and routing capabilities. Huawei's CloudFabric documentation supports this flexibility, allowing a leaf switch to act as both a border and service node based on configuration (e.g., using VRFs or VXLAN gateways). This reduces hardware costs and simplifies deployment in smaller DCNs.
The statement is TRUE (A) because the border leaf and service leaf roles can be deployed on the same device in a spine-leaf architecture.
NEW QUESTION # 41
Both M-LAG and stacking technologies can overcome the disadvantages of traditional DCNs. However, M-LAG is a better choice to ensure 24/7 service continuity.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: A
Explanation:
Traditional data center networks (DCNs) often suffer from single points of failure, limited scalability, and traffic bottlenecks. Both M-LAG and stacking address these issues, but their suitability for 24/7 service continuity differs.
M-LAG Benefits: M-LAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) on Huawei CE switches allows two devices to act as a single logical switch, providing active-active forwarding, high availability, and rapid failover (e.g., via peer-link synchronization). It supports non-stop service during device failures, making it ideal for 24/7 continuity.
Stacking Benefits: Stacking combines multiple switches into a single logical unit, sharing a control plane. While it improves scalability and simplifies management, a stack master failure can disrupt the entire stack unless redundancy is perfectly configured, potentially affecting service continuity.
Comparison: M-LAG's decentralized design and real-time synchronization offer better fault isolation and recovery compared to stacking, where a master switch failure impacts the stack. Huawei documentation highlights M-LAG's superiority for high-availability scenarios like 24/7 operations.
The statement is TRUE (A) because M-LAG is indeed a better choice than stacking for ensuring 24/7 service continuity due to its robust failover and redundancy features.
NEW QUESTION # 42
Which of the following nodes connects computing resources such as virtual and physical servers to a VXLAN fabric?
- A. DCI leaf
- B. Border leaf
- C. Service leaf
- D. Server leaf
Answer: D
Explanation:
In Huawei's spine-leaf VXLAN fabric (e.g., CloudFabric), nodes have specific roles:
A . DCI leaf: Data Center Interconnect (DCI) leaf nodes connect different data centers, not internal computing resources. Incorrect.
B . Server leaf: Server leaf nodes connect computing resources (virtual servers via hypervisors, physical servers) to the VXLAN fabric, handling access traffic. This is the correct role for connecting servers. Correct.
C . Border leaf: Border leaf nodes connect the DCN to external networks, not internal computing resources. Incorrect.
D . Service leaf: Service leaf nodes connect to value-added services (e.g., firewalls), not directly to computing resources like servers. Incorrect.
Thus, the answer is B (Server leaf).
NEW QUESTION # 43
Which of the following are the application scenarios of Huawei CloudFabric Solution? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Container network
- B. Cloud-network integration
- C. Computing
- D. OpenFlow network
- E. Hosting
Answer: A,B,E
Explanation:
Huawei's CloudFabric Solution supports various data center scenarios. Let's evaluate each option:
A . Container network: This is true. CloudFabric supports containerized environments (e.g., Kubernetes) with VXLAN and SDN integration. TRUE.
B . OpenFlow network: This is false. CloudFabric primarily uses BGP-EVPN and proprietary protocols, not OpenFlow, which is more associated with other SDN platforms. FALSE.
C . Hosting: This is true. CloudFabric is suitable for hosting environments, providing multi-tenant network services. TRUE.
D . Cloud-network integration: This is true. It integrates with cloud platforms (e.g., OpenStack) for unified management. TRUE.
E . Computing: This is false. While it supports computing resources, "computing" is not a primary scenario; it's an enabler (e.g., server connectivity). FALSE.
Thus, A, C, and D are application scenarios.
NEW QUESTION # 44
The figure shows an incomplete VXLAN packet format.
Which of the following positions should the VXLAN header be inserted into so that the packet format is complete?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: C
Explanation:
VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) is a tunneling protocol that encapsulates Layer 2 Ethernet frames within UDP packets to extend VLANs across Layer 3 networks, commonly used in Huawei's CloudFabric data center solutions. The provided figure illustrates an incomplete VXLAN packet format with the following sequence:
Outer Ethernet Header (Position 1): Encapsulates the packet for transport over the physical network.
Outer IP Header (Position 2): Defines the source and destination IP addresses for the tunnel endpoints.
UDP Header (Position 3): Carries the VXLAN traffic over UDP port 4789.
Inner Ethernet Header (Position 4): The original Layer 2 frame from the VM or endpoint.
Inner IP Header (Position 5): The original IP header of the encapsulated payload.
Payload (Position 6): The data being transported.
The VXLAN header, which includes a 24-bit VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI) to identify the virtual network, must be inserted to complete the encapsulation. In a standard VXLAN packet format:
The VXLAN header follows the UDP header and precedes the inner Ethernet header. This is because the VXLAN header is part of the encapsulation layer, providing the VNI to map the inner frame to the correct overlay network.
The sequence is: Outer Ethernet Header → Outer IP Header → UDP Header → VXLAN Header → Inner Ethernet Header → Inner IP Header → Payload.
In the figure, the positions are numbered as follows:
1: Outer Ethernet Header
2: Outer IP Header
3: UDP Header
4: Inner Ethernet Header
The VXLAN header should be inserted after the UDP header (Position 3) and before the Inner Ethernet Header (Position 4). However, the question asks for the position where the VXLAN header should be "inserted into," implying the point of insertion relative to the existing headers. Since the inner Ethernet header (Position 4) is where the encapsulated data begins, the VXLAN header must be placed just before it, which corresponds to inserting it at the transition from the UDP header to the inner headers. Thus, the correct position is D (2) if interpreted as the logical insertion point after the UDP header, but based on the numbering, it aligns with the need to place it before Position 4. Correcting for the figure's intent, the VXLAN header insertion logically occurs at the boundary before Position 4, but the options suggest a mislabeling. Given standard VXLAN documentation, the VXLAN header follows UDP (Position 3), and the closest insertion point before the inner headers is misinterpreted in numbering. Re-evaluating the figure, Position 2 (after Outer IP Header) is incorrect, and Position 3 (after UDP) is not listed separately. The correct technical insertion is after UDP, but the best fit per options is D (2) as a misnumbered reference to the UDP-to-inner transition. However, standard correction yields after UDP (not directly an option), but strictly, it's after 3. Given options, D (2) is the intended answer based on misaligned numbering.
Corrected answer: After re-evaluating the standard VXLAN packet structure and the figure's
NEW QUESTION # 45
Assume that a VXLAN tunnel is monitored on a Huawei CE series switch and that the tunnel status is Down or the tunnel fails to be dynamically established. In this scenario, which of the following statements are true about how to check the cause of the fault? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Run the display vxlan statistics command to check the cause of the fault.
- B. Run the display vxlan troubleshooting command to check the causes of at most the latest five failures to dynamically establish a VXLAN tunnel.
- C. Run the display vxlan troubleshooting command to check at most the latest five reasons why a VXLAN tunnel goes Down.
- D. Run the display vxlan peer command to check the cause of the fault on the peer device of the tunnel.
Answer: A,B,C,D
Explanation:
On Huawei CloudEngine (CE) series switches, VXLAN tunnel monitoring and troubleshooting involve specific commands to diagnose issues such as tunnel Down status or failed dynamic establishment. Let's evaluate each option:
A . Run the display vxlan statistics command to check the cause of the fault: This command provides statistics on VXLAN tunnel traffic, including packet drops, encapsulation/decapsulation counts, and errors. It helps identify issues like misconfiguration or network congestion, making it a valid troubleshooting tool. TRUE.
B . Run the display vxlan peer command to check the cause of the fault on the peer device of the tunnel: This command displays information about VXLAN peers, including their IP addresses, VNIs, and reachability status. Checking the peer device's status can reveal connectivity or configuration mismatches, aiding fault diagnosis. TRUE.
C . Run the display vxlan troubleshooting command to check the causes of at most the latest five failures to dynamically establish a VXLAN tunnel: This command logs and displays troubleshooting details, including the latest five failure reasons for dynamic tunnel setup (e.g., BGP EVPN issues or reachability problems). This is a standard feature on Huawei CE switches. TRUE.
D . Run the display vxlan troubleshooting command to check at most the latest five reasons why a VXLAN tunnel goes Down: This command also tracks reasons for tunnel Down events (e.g., underlay failure, peer unreachability), limited to the latest five incidents. This is consistent with Huawei's troubleshooting capabilities. TRUE.
All options A, B, C, and D are true, as they represent valid commands and approaches to troubleshoot VXLAN tunnel issues on Huawei CE switches.
NEW QUESTION # 46
Which of the following nodes is a backbone node of a DC and provides high-speed IP forwarding?
- A. DC1 leaf
- B. Spine
- C. Border leaf
- D. Service leaf
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Huawei's spine-leaf DCN architecture, nodes have distinct roles:
A . Spine: The spine nodes form the backbone of the data center, providing high-speed IP forwarding between leaf nodes. They handle east-west traffic with non-blocking connectivity, making them the core backbone nodes. Correct.
B . DC1 leaf: This is not a standard node type; it may be a typo or misnomer. Leaf nodes connect to endpoints, not act as backbones. Incorrect.
C . Service leaf: Service leaf nodes connect to internal services (e.g., servers), not the backbone, focusing on access rather than high-speed forwarding. Incorrect.
D . Border leaf: Border leaf nodes connect to external networks, handling routing, not serving as the internal backbone. Incorrect.
Thus, the answer is A (Spine).
NEW QUESTION # 47
In EVPN, Type 5 routes are used only by hosts on a VXLAN network to access external networks.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: B
Explanation:
EVPN (Ethernet VPN) is a control plane technology used with VXLAN to provide Layer 2 and Layer 3 services in data center networks, including Huawei's implementations. EVPN routes are categorized into types, with Type 5 routes (IP Prefix routes) serving a specific purpose:
Type 5 Routes: These routes advertise IP prefixes and are used for inter-subnet routing, allowing communication between different VXLAN Virtual Network Identifiers (VNIs) or between VXLAN networks and external networks. They carry a Layer 3 VNI and IP prefix information, enabling routers or gateways to perform Layer 3 forwarding.
Usage Scope: Type 5 routes are not limited to hosts on a VXLAN network accessing external networks. They are also used by network devices (e.g., gateways, routers) within the EVPN domain to facilitate routing between subnets, including intra-VXLAN communication. For example, a centralized gateway or distributed gateway can use Type 5 routes to route traffic within the data center or to external networks, not just host-initiated access.
The statement is FALSE (B) because Type 5 routes are not exclusively for hosts on a VXLAN network to access external networks; they support broader Layer 3 routing functions across the EVPN domain.
NEW QUESTION # 48
Which of the following are advantages of iMaster NCE-FabricInsight's telemetry-based performance metric collection? (Select All that Apply)
- A. One-off subscription and continuous data push
- B. Intelligent data analysis and automated troubleshooting
- C. Efficient transmission
- D. Quasi-real-time data collection
Answer: A,C,D
Explanation:
iMaster NCE-FabricInsight uses telemetry for performance metric collection, offering advanced monitoring in Huawei's CloudFabric Solution. Let's evaluate each option:
A . Efficient transmission: This is true. Telemetry uses streaming data (e.g., gRPC) to reduce overhead compared to traditional polling, enabling efficient transmission of metrics. TRUE.
B . Quasi-real-time data collection: This is true. Telemetry provides near-real-time data (e.g., sub-second updates), improving responsiveness over periodic SNMP polling. TRUE.
C . Intelligent data analysis and automated troubleshooting: This is false. While FabricInsight performs intelligent analysis, automated troubleshooting is a feature of the broader iMaster NCE platform, not specifically a telemetry advantage. Telemetry enables data collection, not the automation itself. FALSE.
D . One-off subscription and continuous data push: This is true. Telemetry operates on a subscription model where a one-time setup leads to continuous data push from devices, reducing manual intervention. TRUE.
Thus, A, B, and D are advantages of telemetry-based performance metric collection.
NEW QUESTION # 49
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Huawei H12-893_V1.0 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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